Williams %R %R
An inverted stochastic on a −100 to 0 scale — fast overbought/oversold.
Quick answer: Williams %R is a momentum oscillator that shows where the close sits within the recent high-low range on a −100 to 0 scale, flagging overbought above −20 and oversold below −80.
In simple words
Williams %R is essentially an upside-down Stochastic. It measures how close the current price is to the highest high of the last 14 bars. A reading near 0 means price is closing at the top of its range (overbought); near −100 means the bottom (oversold). Because it is fast and unsmoothed, it reacts quickly and is popular for spotting short-term extremes, particularly in ranging markets.
Williams %R — visual
How Williams %R looks on a chart
Williams %R runs from −100 (bottom of range) to 0 (top of range). Above −20 is overbought, below −80 oversold.
Professional explanation
The inverted range measure
Williams %R computes (highest high − close) / (highest high − lowest low) × −100. It is the mirror of the Stochastic %K: same information, flipped and scaled to a negative axis. Because it is a single, unsmoothed line, it is quicker and jumpier than the slow Stochastic.
Overbought/oversold and momentum failure
The −20 and −80 levels are the standard overbought/oversold thresholds. Larry Williams also highlighted a 'failure' pattern: when %R reaches overbought, pulls back, and then fails to get back to overbought on the next rally, momentum is weakening — an early reversal cue similar to divergence.
Trend caveat
As with every range oscillator, %R embeds at extremes in strong trends and its counter-trend signals fail there. It is best used to time entries within a trend (buy oversold dips in an uptrend) or to fade extremes in a genuine range.
Formula
Williams %R formula
%R = (Highestₙ − Close) / (Highestₙ − Lowestₙ) × −100
Highestₙ and Lowestₙ are the highest high and lowest low over N periods (default 14). The output ranges from −100 to 0.
- Highestₙ — Highest high over the look-back period N
- Lowestₙ — Lowest low over the look-back period N
- Close — Current closing price
- N — Look-back period, default 14
How it is calculated
- Find the highest high and lowest low over the last N bars (default 14).
- Compute %R = (highest high − close) / (highest high − lowest low) × −100.
- The result ranges from −100 (close at the low) to 0 (close at the high).
- Read above −20 as overbought and below −80 as oversold.
Interpretation & signals
Traders watch for overbought (>−20) and oversold (<−80) turns, momentum-failure patterns, and use %R to time entries in the direction of the larger trend.
Buy / bullish signals
- %R turns up from below −80 (oversold).
- In an uptrend, %R dips toward −80 and recovers.
- Bullish divergence: price lower low, %R higher low.
Sell / bearish signals
- %R turns down from above −20 (overbought).
- In a downtrend, %R rallies toward −20 and rolls over.
- Bearish divergence: price higher high, %R lower high.
False signals to beware
- Embeds near 0 in strong uptrends and near −100 in downtrends.
- Very jumpy — many single-bar spikes are noise.
- Counter-trend extremes fail repeatedly in trends.
Settings, timeframe & conditions
Advantages & limitations
Advantages
- Very fast — flags extremes early.
- Simple single-line reading.
- Good for range timing.
- Momentum-failure pattern adds an extra signal.
Limitations & disadvantages
- Noisy and unsmoothed.
- Embeds at extremes in trends.
- Negative scale confuses beginners.
- Needs confirmation to be reliable.
Combining Williams %R with other indicators
- Exponential Moving Average — A moving-average trend filter turns %R into a trend-aligned entry timer.
- Relative Strength Index — A slower oscillator like RSI can confirm %R's fast extremes and cut noise.
Practical examples (Nifty & Bank Nifty)
NIFTY example
Nifty is ranging and Williams %R drops below −80 near range support, then turns up through −80 while price holds — a range buy. On the push to range resistance %R climbs above −20 and rolls over, timing the exit. In this sideways phase %R's speed is an asset.
BANKNIFTY example
Bank Nifty trends hard higher and %R sits above −20 for much of the move. A trader who sells each overbought reading is repeatedly stopped; the correct read in a trend is to use %R dips toward −80 as continuation entries, not to fade the persistent overbought condition.
Common mistakes
- Reading the negative scale backwards.
- Shorting overbought in a strong uptrend.
- Reacting to every jumpy spike.
- Using it with no trend context.
Professional usage
Professionals use Williams %R much like the Stochastic — as a fast timing tool inside a defined trend or range. In trends they buy oversold dips (uptrend) or sell overbought rallies (downtrend); in ranges they fade the −20/−80 extremes. The momentum-failure pattern is watched as an early reversal cue, always with price confirmation.
Key takeaway
Williams %R is an inverted, fast Stochastic on a −100 to 0 scale: near 0 is overbought, near −100 oversold. Great for timing in ranges and for trend pullbacks — but it embeds in strong trends, so trade it with the trend.
Frequently asked questions
What is Williams %R?
What are the best Williams %R settings?
How is Williams %R different from the Stochastic?
What does Williams %R above −20 mean?
Is Williams %R a leading indicator?
What is the Williams %R failure pattern?
Does Williams %R work on Nifty?
Voice search & related questions
Natural-language questions people ask about Williams %R.
What is Williams %R in simple words?
Is Williams %R good for day trading?
What Williams %R level is oversold?
Sources & references
Last reviewed 8 July 2026. Educational content only — not investment advice.